CRISPR/Cas Delivery Strategies in Animals and Plants: Current Applications, Limitations and Future Directions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58475/2026.64.1.1275Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9 System, genome editing, delivery tools, viral vectors, non-viral vectors, PakistanAbstract
CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) - Cas (CRISPR associated protein) advancements revolutionize genome editing, enabling precise genetic modifications effectively. CRISPR/Cas technology has been applied in both animal and plant cells for therapeutic purposes and gene function studies in plants. In animals, CRISPR/Cas has various applications for therapeutic purposes. But the main concern is to precisely and efficiently deliver components of CRISPR/Cas inside host cells. For this, various delivery tools have been investigated for in vivo and in vitro incorporation of the CRISPR/Cas components such as viral vectors, non-viral vectors, and physical methods. Each delivery tool has its applications and limitations, and selection of appropriate methods is necessary for treating several diseases. In plants, the widely used approach for delivering CRISPR/Cas components is Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Other methods include direct (physical and chemical methods) and indirect delivery tools which result in efficient editing of genome in plants. In this review, we are focusing on the efficient delivery method with minimal drawbacks which cause efficient editing of genome in both plants and animals.
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